| Description: |
Nitidine chloride has protective effects on rats during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion, it also exerts an anti-inflammatory property by inhibiting TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 production in association with reduced NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in RAW 264.7 cells. It has inhibitory effects on various tumors, such as renal cancer , breast cancer. |
| In vitro: |
| J Ethnopharmacol. 2012 Oct 31;144(1):145-50. | | Nitidine chloride inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines production via MAPK and NF-kappaB pathway in RAW 264.7 cells.[Pubmed: 22971898 ] | Zanthoxylum nitidium (Roxb.) DC. has long been used as a traditional herbal medicine for inflammatory diseases such as rheumatic arthritis and peridentitis. However, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of Nitidine chloride has not been fully elucidated.
To determine the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanism of Nitidine chloride (NTD), a pentacyclic alkaloid is isolated from the root of Z. nitidium, in murine macrophages.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Anti-inflammatory properties of NTD were investigated using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated Raw 264.7 macrophages as in vitro model. The pro-inflammatory cytokines were evaluated by real-time RT-PCR and ELISA. Furthermore, intracellular signaling pathways were analyzed by Western blot and Immunofluorescence staining using specific antibodies.
NTD significantly reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-6 in both RNA and protein level. Moreover, transcriptional activity of NF-кB as well as the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 was significantly inhibited by NTD in a dose dependent manner. These results suggested that NTD exerts an anti-inflammatory property by inhibiting TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 production in association with reduced NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in RAW 264.7 cells.
CONCLUSIONS:
These results suggested that NTD exerts an anti-inflammatory property by inhibiting TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 production in association with reduced NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in RAW 264.7 cells. Nitidine chloride inhibits LPS-induced TNF alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 production via the suppression of phosphorylation of MAPK and the translocation of p65. In addition, these results revealed a novel role of NTD in regulation of inflammatory diseases. | | Food Chem Toxicol. 2013 Oct;60:246-51. | | Nitidine chloride inhibits renal cancer cell metastasis via suppressing AKT signaling pathway.[Pubmed: 23911800] | Nitidine Chloride (NC) has been shown to have anti-cancer effects on various tumors. However, whether NC could exert anti-metastasis activity in renal cancer cells and the underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
In this work, our data demonstrated the anti-metastasis effects of NC on renal cancer cells in vitro. With scratch assay and transwell assays, we found that NC potently suppressed the migration and invasion of 786-O and A498 cells. Mechanistically, we presented that NC significantly decreased phosphorylation of AKT, accompanied by down-regulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Furthermore, a specific AKT inhibitor, LY294002, could enhance the anti-metastasis effects of NC, which indicated that NC suppressed metastasis of renal cancer cells partly via inhibition of AKT activity.
CONCLUSIONS:
Taken together, our results imply that NC can be developed as a potential anti-metastasis agent to renal cancer. |
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