| Description: |
GB 2a shows antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, it can prevent the carrageenan-induced paw oedema. GB 2a biflavonoid can promote inhibition on tyrosinase activity and reduced melanin biosynthesis in B16F10 cells, which suggests great potential for medical and cosmetic uses as a depigmenting agent. |
| Targets: |
Tyrosinase | Immunology & Inflammation related |
| In vitro: |
| Food Chem. 2017 May 1;222:35-42. | | Polyphenols from Allanblackia floribunda seeds: Identification, quantification and antioxidant activity.[Pubmed: 28041556 ] | Oil rich seeds of Allanblackia floribunda, a tree from tropical Africa, have traditionally been used in food preparation. Furthermore, the therapeutic properties of various parts of this tree have long been exploited in traditional medicine. As both food and pharmaceutical industries show growing interest in tropical tree crops, this study aimed to investigate whether A. floribunda seeds could also be used as a source of potentially bioactive compounds.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
The polyphenol profile revealed six predominant compounds which were identified by HPLC-PDA-ESI/MSn as the biflavonoids morelloflavone, GB 2a and volkensiflavone and their respective glucosides. A range of less abundant flavones, flavonols and flavan-3-ols was also detected.
CONCLUSIONS:
All six major compounds showed antioxidant activity, with the activity of morelloflavone, its glucoside and GB 2a-glucoside comparable with that of ascorbic acid.
The main compounds accounted for approximately 10% of dry weight, making the seeds used for oil production a rich source of biflavonoids as a by-product. |
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| In vivo: |
| J Ethnopharmacol. 2008 Aug 13;118(3):405-11. | | Anti-inflammatory effects of hydroalcoholic extract and two biflavonoids from Garcinia gardneriana leaves in mouse paw oedema.[Pubmed: 18555627 ] | Garcinia gardneriana (Planch. & Triana) Zappi (Clusiaceae) is widely distributed in Brazil and used in folk medicine to treat inflammation, pain, and urinary tract and other infections. However, very few studies have analyzed these therapeutic effects.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
In this study, the anti-inflammatory effects of the hydroalcoholic extracts from Garcinia gardneriana (HEGG) and some of its isolated biflavonoids were evaluated. The results showed that HEGG from the leaves, bark and seeds reduced carrageenan-induced mouse paw inflammation, in addition to diminishing the myeloperoxidase activity in the stimulated tissues. The reduction of neutrophil infiltration by treatment with the HEGG from leaves was confirmed by histology. The leaf extract also reduced the paw oedema evoked by bradykinin, histamine, prostaglandin E2 and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol acetate. However, it partially decreased substance P and compound 48/80-caused paw oedema, without any influence on the arachidonic acid-induced oedema. Both of the isolated compounds, fukugetin and GB 2a, prevented the carrageenan-induced paw oedema.
CONCLUSIONS:
In conclusion, this study showed important anti-inflammatory effects of HEGG through its interaction with different intracellular signaling pathways, without interfering with the formation of arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites. These characteristics, in addition to the wide distribution and culturing ease of the plant, confirm its popular use and highlight its promise in the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs. |
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