| Description: |
20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 has anticarcinogenic, neuroprotective, anti-aging and antifatigue activities, it has a wide spectrum of targets including caspase-3, MMP-2, MMP-9,HIF-1a,VEGF,IL-1,IL-6 and TNF-a. |
| Targets: |
VEGFR | MMP(e.g.TIMP) | FLT3 | SOD | Bcl-2/Bax | Caspase | Akt | PI3K | HIF | TNF-a | IL Receptor |
| In vitro: |
| Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2005 Mar;30(5):357-60. | | The inhibition of 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 on the expressions of angiogenesis factors proteins in human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 and HUVEC304 cell.[Pubmed: 15806969] | To study the effect of 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 on the expressions of angiogenesis factors proteins (VEGF,bFGF, MMP-2) in human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 and HUVEC304 cell.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
The cell lines of A549 and HUVEC304 were cultured with 20(R)- Rg3. The gray scale and positive rate of VEGF, bFGF, MMP-2 were detected by immunohistochemistry. The differential expressions of genes were studied by DNA microarray. The positive rate of VEGF protein in A549 cell decreased significantly as compared with the control group ( P = 0.03). The gray scales of VEGF, Flt, KDT proteins in both A549 cell lines and HUVEC 304 cell lines decreased ( P = 0.05). Gray scale of MMP-2 also decreased in A549 cell lines. The result of differential expressions of genes of A549 cell lines showed that 14 genes were down-regulated and 10 genes were up-regulated.
CONCLUSIONS:
The Chinese materia medica of 20(R)-Rg3 can inhibit the expression of angiogenesis factors proteins via several target genes in both tumour cell and vascular endothelial cell. | | Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2017 Aug 15;27(16):3867-3871. | | 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 protects SH-SY5Y cells against apoptosis induced by oxygen and glucose deprivation/reperfusion.[Pubmed: 28709827 ] | As shown in our previous studies, 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 [20(R)-Rg3] exerts a neuroprotective effect on a rat model of transient focal cerebral ischemia, and the mechanism through which it decreases the mRNA expression of calpain I and caspase-3 has been delineated. However, researchers do not know whether 20(R)-Rg3 exhibits a neuroprotective effect following oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) injury in vitro.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
In the present study, 20(R)-Rg3 increased cell viability, decreased the LDH leakage rate, and inhibited the apoptosis rate in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, 20(R)-Rg3 markedly decreased cleaved caspase-3 protein expression. Furthermore, 20(R)-Rg3 significantly decreased the Bax mRNA and protein levels and increased the levels of Bcl-2 mRNA and protein, subsequently decreasing the Bax/Bcl-2 protein ratio.
CONCLUSIONS:
Based on these findings, 20(R)-Rg3 exerts a neuroprotective effect against OGD/R-induced apoptosis. |
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| In vivo: |
| Biol Pharm Bull. 2008 Nov;31(11):2024-7. | | The anti-fatigue effect of 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 in mice by intranasally administration.[Pubmed: 18981567] | 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 (20(R)-Rg3) has shown multiple pharmacological activities and been considered as one of the most promising approaches for fatigue treatment. However, 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 has a low bioavailability after oral administration in human due to the first-pass effect. Recently, nasal route has gained increasing interest as it can avoid first-pass effect for its lower enzymatic activity compared with the gastrointestinal tract and liver. In order to provide an animal experimental evidence of 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 intranasal administrated preparation, the anti-fatigue effect of 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 after intranasal administration was investigated.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Two weeks after 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 was administrated intranasally to mice at three different doses, the anti-fatigue effect of 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 was evaluated by the weight-loaded swimming test and biochemical parameters related to fatigue, such as serum urea nitrogen (SUN), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), blood lactic acid (LA) and hepatic glycogen.
CONCLUSIONS:
Our results predicted a benefit of 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 as an anti-fatigue treatment by intranasal administration. The mechanism was related to the increase of the storage of hepatic glycogen, and the decrease of the accumulation of metabolite such as lactic acid and serum urea nitrogen. |
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